LIFESTYLE NEWS - The immune system normally fights off dangerous infections and bacteria to keep the body healthy.
An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks its own body because it confuses it for something foreign. There are many autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is also known as discoid lupus or disseminated lupus erythematosus.
It is a chronic disease that can have phases of worsening symptoms that alternate with periods of milder symptoms.
The exact cause of SLE is not known, but several factors have been associated with the disease:
Genetics - People with lupus often have family members with SLE or other autoimmune conditions.
Environment - There may be environmental triggers like ultraviolet rays, certain medications, a virus, physical or emotional stress and trauma.
Gender and hormones - SLE affects more women than men. Women also experience worsening of symptoms during pregnancy and with their menstrual periods.
- Severe fatigue
- Painful or swollen joints
- Headaches
- Rash on cheeks and nose called 'butterfly' rash
- Hair loss
- Anaemia
- Blood clotting problems
- Raynaud's syndrome (fingers turning white/blue and tingle when cold)
Lupus symptoms are also symptoms of many other diseases, which makes diagnosis tricky. There is no one single diagnostic test, but your doctor will do screenings that can help him/her come to an informed diagnosis.
You might be referred to a doctor called a rheumatologist. Rheumatologists specialise in treating joint and soft tissue disorders and autoimmune diseases.
Treatment for SLE is not curative - the goal is to ease the symptoms of lupus. Treatment can vary depending on how severe your symptoms are and which parts of your body are affected. Treatments may include: anti-inflammatory medications for joint pain and stiffness, steroid creams for rashes, corticosteroids of varying doses to minimise the immune response and antimalarial drugs for skin and joint problems.
Your doctor might recommend eating or avoiding certain foods and minimising stress to reduce the likelihood of triggering symptoms. You might need to have screenings for osteoporosis, since steroids can thin your bones.
Preventative care such as immunisations and cardiac screenings may also be recommended.
Unfortunately, over time, SLE can damage or cause complications in systems throughout your body. Possible complications may include blood clots, inflammation of the heart, stroke and lung damage.
SLE can have serious negative effects on your body during pregnancy, and can lead to pregnancy complications and even miscarriage. Lupus can take an emotional toll.
Working with a trained counsellor or support group in your area can help you reduce stress, maintain positive mental health and manage your illness.
This article is for informative purposes only. Should you have any questions you are welcome to contact questions@walkindoctor.co.za.
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